White Spruce - Picea glauca

Phonetic: PY-see--uh GLAW-kuh

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1 Gallon Pot- 18-24''

White spruce, is a tall evergreen conifer. It thrives in full sun and prefers cool, moist, well-drained soils, though it is highly adaptable and can grow in a variety of conditions. White spruce tolerates cold temperatures and wind exposure exceptionally well, making it a dominant species in boreal forests and northern mixed woodlands. While it prefers consistent soil moisture, it can withstand occasional drought and poor soil.

White spruce typically blooms in late spring, around May or June, depending on latitude and climate. It is monoecious, meaning it produces both male and female cones on the same plant. The male cones release pollen that is carried by the wind to fertilize the upright female cones, which then mature over the growing season. By late summer to early fall, the cones turn brown and hang downward, releasing small, winged seeds that are dispersed by wind through the autumn and winter months. These seeds provide valuable nutrition for birds and small mammals, especially during harsh northern winters.

White Spruce plays a critical role in northern forest ecosystems. It is a host plant for the Columbia Silk Moth.  Its dense branches offer nesting and shelter for birds such as chickadees, crossbills, and nuthatches, as well as cover for snowshoe hares and other wildlife. The seeds are an important food source for red squirrels and many boreal bird species. .

• Hardiness Zone: 2-6
• Native Region: BONAP Map
• BONAP Map Key Color Guide: Map Color Key
• Sun Exposure: Full Sun, Part Sun
  
• Bloom Time: May, June
• Soil Type: Medium, Medium Dry, Dry
• Mature Plant Size: 40-60'H, 10-20'W
• Plant Spacing: 10-20'
• Host Plant: Columbia Silk moth
• Attracts: Butterflies, Birds 
• Advantages: Deer Resistant, Rabbit Resistant, Drought Tolerant 
• Landscape Uses: Borders 
• Companion Plants: Witch Hazel, Highbush blueberry,